Class 12 Biology - Chapter 9: Biotechnology: Principles and Processes
Learn about the principles and techniques of biotechnology in Class 12 Biology Chapter 9. Explore genetic engineering, cloning, PCR, vectors, and bioreactors.
Overview
This chapter introduces the basic principles of biotechnology and its core techniques, including genetic engineering and bioprocess engineering. It explains tools like restriction enzymes, vectors, cloning, and PCR.
Why This Chapter Matters
Biotechnology is at the forefront of innovation in medicine, agriculture, and industry. Understanding its principles helps students explore modern techniques like gene editing, cloning, and DNA amplification.
Real-Life Applications
- Understanding tools of recombinant DNA technology like restriction enzymes and vectors.
- Learning the steps involved in genetic engineering.
- Exploring industrial processes like fermentation and large-scale production using bioreactors.
Skills You Will Learn
- Identifying the role of enzymes and vectors in gene cloning.
- Analyzing the steps of recombinant DNA technology.
- Understanding the use of bioreactors for mass production of genetically modified products.
Explore and Test Your Knowledge
Practice Test
Test your knowledge with our practice test.
Scheduled Talent Test
Participate in the weekly talent test for this chapter.
Flashcards
A: Restriction enzymes are molecular scissors that cut DNA at specific sequences, essential for genetic engineering.
A: A vector is a DNA molecule used to carry foreign genetic material into another cell, commonly plasmids or viruses.
A: Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is a technique to amplify specific DNA sequences rapidly and accurately.
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